*** This is the second part of a two-part list. The first part can be found here:
12 Stories in History that Changed the Way I Think – Part 1
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# 6
Sacsayhuaman, Olmec Heads, Atlantis, Homo floresiensis
I have very little difficulty believing that the Great Pyramid at Giza was built by the ancient Egyptians. It was damn hard but I think they were able to pull it off. But Sacsayhuaman in Cuzco built by the Incas? In mountainous terrain? Give me a break! Google that thing, look at the pics and tell me how? … And the Pre-Columbian Olmec heads at La Venta? They all depict black African men. At a time when there weren’t suppose to be any contact between Africa and Mesoamerica? … Cocaine traces in the tissues of Egyptian mummies? That screams Atlantis! … And how about the complete skeletons of pygmy humanoids in Indonesia? Where does that one fit?
History is a messy business. We simply don’t know a lot of things. What we do know are mere best guesses based on reconstructions of how we believe the human story progressed throughout the ages. I wouldn’t be surprised though if it turns out that our entire timeline, our whole premise in fact, is wrong. Maybe there really was an earlier age of humans before ours — the Golden Age myth every primitive culture is referring to in their legends and traditions …
*** The world is an interesting place. So much to learn. So much to do. So many unknowns. So many questions. And when I think about it, I always shake my head in disappointment whenever I see people out there doing nothing more than have some fun. Moreso when they start preaching about their uncaring ways.
# 5
Star Trek
Not so much the TV show, but more of the opening line: “Space, the final frontier.”
None of us alive today will ever live long enough to see the colonization of space actually happen. Yet deep in our consciousness, we always wonder about what the future will look like. We look at the stars at night and we can’t help but wonder about the majesty of it all. It evokes emotions. It stirs up the imagination. Are we alone in the universe? Are there worlds other than this one? What do these other worlds look like? Even the religious among us, when we pray, we look upwards, at the sky, at the stars. We address someone we believe resides somewhere out there. There is probably something to that. Something beyond religion. Something beyond science. Something beyond history.
*** Despite all the advances in our understanding of the world, there is still room to believe in some form of magic. There is still room to recite poetry. There is still room to admire beauty. It is this hope for a future and our creative expression to imagine what it looks like that keeps our human spirit alive.
# 4
Ramses II, Kadesh, Abu Simbel, Qin, Goebbels, Obama, Global Warming and Albert Einstein
Propaganda. First masterfully executed in the grand scale by Ramses II after the Battle of Kadesh, spinning facts to pave the way for his eventual diefication through the building of the Great Temple at Abu Simbel. The same exact techniques employed by the Emperor Qin to compel millions of Chinese to do his bidding. The same techniques custom-fitted for the industrial age by Josef Goebbels for the benefit of his Nazi Party’s goal of Lebensraum. The very same techniques modernized by present day spin doctors to sell shams like Barack Obama’s message of change and the Liberal’s global warming fear-mongering to the same naive and stupid public, who will predictably, now as always, gobble up lies with a smile.
Albert Einstein once said, “Few people are capable of expressing with equanimity opinions which differ from the prejudices of their social environment. Most people are even incapable of forming such opinions.” Einstein was right, as usual.
*** The overwhelming majority of people are weak-minded. Totally incapable of thinking on their own. Easily swayed by whatever opinion is accepted by others around them. If you find yourself agreeing with opinions shared by a large group, chances are, you are on the wrong side of the issue.
# 3
Magellan’s Voyage
In 1519, five wooden ships with 237 men on board left the port of Seville in Spain to undertake what could very well be the most surprisingly successful adventure in human history. And along the way, accomplished something so big that none of the men who were there could have anticipated the enormous implications of what they were about to achieve.
Sailing unknown waters, surrounded by the mythologies of the era, guided only by the stars, at the mercy of the winds, Ferdinand Magellan and his men flung themselves westward, ill-equipped, across the vast expanse of the uncharted Pacific on nothing but mere hunch, pure guts and, undoubtedly, burning curiousity to find out what was out there. And found out they did. Most of the men, including Magellan himself, died during the ardous journey. But in 1522, three years after it all began, one battered ship from the expedition, carrying 18 dying men, made it back to Seville, completed the very first circumnavigation of the world and wrote a story that will forever live in the annals of great human discoveries as one the finest adventures ever.
*** Some stuffs are made of dreams. We won’t always know what lies beyond the fence. But we go for it anyway. Yes, the stakes are high. The odds of winning are slim. But sometimes good things happen nonetheless. Luck smiles more at those who dare try than those who don’t.
# 2
The Discovery of Quantum Physics
Nature, as far as classical Newtonian mechanics is concerned, is very predictable. The phases of the moon, the reaction of chemicals, the splitting of the atom, the genetic variations in asparagus, everything … everything can be calculated with a fair amount of accuracy. Nature, so it seems, follows a finite and very distinct set of rules that determines all the observable behaviors that we can see around us. In fact, maybe, life itself is simple and deterministic. And why not? Our bodies are made from the same chemicals, the same electricity, follows the same fluid dynamics that we can measure in our laboratories. So why not? The temptation to think that way was simply too great to ignore. Until someone, a hundred or so years ago, noticed that the physics of the very small is very different from the physics of the very large. The numbers didn’t align at all. Strange. And so quantum physics was born and changed the whole way science looks at everything.
We can hold a piece rock in our hands. We know it is hard, it is solid. But wait, the atoms that make up this rock is mostly made up of empty space. The protons and neutrons and electrons of these atoms are so small that even if you pack them all together, they would fit inside a pinhead with plenty of room to spare. So why the heck can we hold the rock if it is mostly made up of empty space?
Quantum physics introduced terminologies such as uncertainties, superpositions, multiverses and brought forth discussions about never-ending collections of paradoxes that resulted in the complete shift of scientific thinking from mechanistic determinism towards a more free-wheeling “hey, we’re not so sure anymore, we need more time to study”. Converting scientists from strictly practicing mathematicians to creative thinking philosophers bodes well for the future of research.
So, what happens if the geeks who built the Large Hadron Collider succeeds in proving the existence of the Higgs boson? Hahaha, man, don’t ask me. Do your own speculation and then let’s discuss.
*** Open-mindedness is the hallmark of true intelligence. Never be afraid to change your mind in the light of new evidence. Knowledge is good. But no knowledge is sacred. The dogmatic approach to believe in whatever you currently believe in no matter what is the attitude of a fool.
# 1
The Selfish Gene
Published in 1976, The Selfish Gene by zoologist Richard Dawkins is probably the most misinterpreted popular science book of all time. The confusion stems from the title of the book itself as the word “selfish” implies a rather unsavory characteristic that is carried forward by most to mean that the book was trying to justify selfish human behaviors through biological arguments, which, of course, it wasn’t.
Getting pass that common misunderstanding, the book was all about expressing the mechanisms of evolution through the point-of-view of genes and provided a very compelling explanation of why altruism exists in nature. This explanation, to my mind, provided the groundwork necessary towards understanding human nature deeper than those existing models proposed based on anthropological and sociological studies.
Because all living organisms are inherently wired to try to propagate their own genes, the rationale behind the principles of individualism stands on firmer scientific ground compared to the rationale behind the principles of collectivism. In evolutionary terms, “for the good of the species” is a consideration that sits lower in the hierarchy of priorities compared to “for the good of the individual”. Observations of various biological systems support this fact. In sociological terms, individualism should precede collectivism. Observations of human societies — the failure of communism, the abuses of nazism and fascism, the problems of socialism, and the success of capitalism — offers an interesting parallel that strongly implies that Dawkin’s arguments suggesting innately “selfish” motives for altruism is correct.
*** Help yourself before helping others. There is nothing intrinsically wrong about it no matter what other people say. The success of a society is nothing more than the aggregate successes of the individuals making up that society. Sacrificing your own success for the success of others is an unnatural way of pursuing life and is punished by nature in biological terms.
~ GC